Registering to vote is the one step that unlocks every other form of voting, and in most states it takes just a few minutes. Rules vary from state to state, so this guide covers the essentials that apply almost everywhere and shows you where to confirm the details for your own state.
Who can register
To register to vote in U.S. federal elections you generally must be:
- A U.S. citizen.
- At least 18 years old by Election Day — many states let you register at 16 or 17 so you’re ready.
- A resident of the state where you register.
Some states have additional rules — for example, around past felony convictions — that vary widely, so it’s worth checking your state’s specifics.
Three ways to register
- OnlineMost states offer online registration through the state election office — usually the fastest option if you have a state ID.
- By mailFill out the National Mail Voter Registration Form (or your state’s form) and mail it to your election office.
- In personRegister at your local election office, the DMV, or designated agencies. Many states also offer same-day registration at the polls.
Deadlines and state differences
This is where states diverge most. Registration deadlines can fall weeks before an election in some states, while others allow same-day registration right at the polling place. A growing number of states use automatic voter registration when you interact with the DMV.
Check, update, and stay registered
Registration isn’t always permanent. Check your status before each election, and re-register or update when you move, change your name, or change party affiliation. Lapsed or outdated registrations are a common reason people are turned away.
Frequently asked questions
How old do you have to be to register to vote?
You must be 18 by Election Day to vote, but many states let you register at 16 or 17 so your registration is active when you turn 18.
Can I register to vote online?
In most states, yes — through your state’s election office website, typically using a state-issued ID. A few states still require mail or in-person registration.
Do I need to re-register when I move?
Usually yes. Moving to a new address — especially across county or state lines — generally requires updating or re-doing your registration, so check your status after any move.